Recent climatic changes recorded by the salinity of pore waters in the Dead Sea sediments

A new, flow-through benthic corer is described and compared to other commonly used coring methods. The new corer compares favorably with diver coring and is superior to coring with a ball-type, check valve corer, based on recovery of meiofauna, macrofauna, and particle bound hydrocarbons. Check valve corers yielded the most variable results. The new corer may be used to efficiently obtain samples of surface sediments from shallow (<6 m) water, where a reasonably stable working platform is available.     

Meiosis in Schizophyllum commune: the effect of hydroxyurea on basidiospore sporulation, germination, and nuclear number

Summary In a search for an experimental procedure to synchronize meiosis in fruit bodies of Schizophyllum commune, the effect of hydroxyurea on sporulation was tested. Results indicate that hydroxyurea has an immediate and reversible effect on basidiospore sporulation, germination, and nuclear number. A tentative time schedule for meiosis is presented.     

Fabrication and Operation of Acoustofluidic Devices Supporting Bulk Acoustic Standing Waves for Sheathless Focusing of Particles

Acoustophoresis refers to the displacement of suspended objects in response to directional forces from sound energy. Given that the suspended objects must be smaller than the incident wavelength of sound and the width of the fluidic channels are typically tens to hundreds of micrometers across, acoustofluidic devices typically use ultrasonic waves generated from a piezoelectric transducer pulsating at high frequencies (in the megahertz range). At characteristic frequencies that depend on the geometry of the device, it is possible to induce the formation of standing waves that can focus particles along desired fluidic streamlines within a bulk flow. Here, we describe a method for the fabrication of acoustophoretic devices from common materials and clean room equipment. We show representative results for the focusing of particles with positive or negative acoustic contrast factors, which move towards the pressure nodes or antinodes of the standing waves, respectively. These devices offer enormous practical utility for precisely positioning large numbers of microscopic entities (e.g., cells) in stationary or flowing fluids for applications ranging from cytometry to assembly.     

Increasing the accuracy of surface area estimation using single wax dipping of coral fragments

The measurement of coral surface area is critical to normalising a suit of physiologically significant parameters to greater understand how corals interact with the surrounding environment. The surface area detection from skeletal fragments subsequently needs to be both as accurate as possible, yet practical and robust enough to be performed with minimal laboratory equipment. By using X-Ray CT technology, as a highly accurate surface area standard, 12 coral specimens from 4 different genera were studied using single wax versus double wax dipping methods. Our results reveal that the single wax dipping is far more accurate than the more commonly practised double wax dipping, thereby leading to more accurate estimation of the physiologically active surface.     

High affinity [3H]imipramine binding and serotonin uptake to platelets of adolescent females suffering from anorexia nervosa

High affinity [3H]imipramine binding and [3H]serotonin uptake to platelets were investigated in 17 anorexic females aged 15-18 years as compared to 15 healthy females of similar ages. A significant decrease in the density of [3H]imipramine binding sites was observed in anorexics as compared to controls (368 +/- 40 vs 517 +/- 38 fmoles/mg protein, p less than 0.01). No alteration in Kd values or in the kinetic parameters of serotonin uptake (Vmax, Km) were noted. The fact that the decrease in imipramine binding is not accompanied by a parallel reduction in serotonin uptake might indicate that anorexia nervosa is not ultimately related to major depression and that the imipramine binding site is not identical to the serotonin uptake site.